Archiving Form

LOG SHEET

Tape number: V08A1, V08A (Log Sheets for both tapes are entered here. Items 01 thru 55 refer to VO8A1 and 56 thru 77 to VO8A2)

Name: E. V. Hutt

Location:

Date of Birth: 02-15-1918

Date of Recording: 11-07-03

Recorded By: Kliens

Log sheet created by: Alice Blackstone

Item
In Point
Category
Description

01
Tape VO8A1

0:17-0:40

E. V. Hutt was born on 02-15-18.

02
1:10-2:30
F
Ancestors came from England. One of the captains on the Mayflower was a Hutt. The queen of England deeded land on Nomini Creek in Westmoreland County to his family.

03
2:42-3:01
F
The children were born at home. He weighed 14 pounds at birth.

04
3:16-3:53
F
The old midwife worked for him. The closest doctor lived about 7 miles away. His maternal grandfather was a doctor from Vermont. His mother helped him a lot. He only had one eye and the children sewed for him.

05
4:11-4:22
F
His mother lived above Colonial Beach and it took one day to go up there and another to come back by horse and buggy.

06
4:34-4:54
C
He went to a public one room school until he transferred by bus to Montross. He had to leave at 6:45 to get to Montross by the way the crow flies, about six miles.

07
5:16-5:53
E
The school desks accommodated two students. The teacher lived next door. His parents ran a general merchandise store. The children met the teacher there and walked up to the school together. Her name was Daisabell Jackson and he thought she was the most beautiful girl in the world. She was 19 years old and this was her first teaching assignment.

08
6:08-6:30
E
The teacher ate one or two meals a week with his family. He never saw the teacher again after the first year until four years ago. She only lived in Oak Grove which was twenty miles away.

09
6:37-6:50
E
There was one teacher for seven grades. His mother had once been a school teacher before she was married and she probably helped Ms. Jackson.

10
6:54-7:02
E
Most of the children were put back a grade when they went to the high school.

11
7:08-7:37
E
Ms. Jackson was the best teacher in the whole world. He saw the teacher every day.

12
7:50-8:52
G
His father and uncle started the country store when they were nineteen and seventeen. They sold all kinds of things and the store was open from sunup until ten at night.

13
8:54-9:19
F
He was glad to get out of the store business. He has gone to a store about three times in his married life and that was for emergencies such as snow on the ground.

14
9:20-9:56
W
The worse part of the store was the post office in there. He had to work every Christmas Day. He thought the best thing that President Roosevelt ever did was closing the post office on Christmas Day. The post office had to get everything ready by 10:00 but they got behind because of the holiday and he did not get off until 4:00, which was long after his friends did.

15
10:03-10:36
L
There were about forty to fifty people sitting around the store every evening until closing. That was the only place in the community where people got together.

16
10:54-11:36
G/ST
They lived at the head of Nomini Creek and got most of their goods from Baltimore. They got on the boat at Mt. Holly at 6:00 in the evening and woke up in Baltimore. There were cattle, horses, chickens, eggs, etc. on the boat. They got off the boat and went shopping and then got back on the boat at 6:00 in the evening and woke up the next morning at home at 6:00 a.m.

17
11:39-12:34
G
Everything was brought in on the water. The hardware salesman wrote one account a day. He drank and socialized the day he arrived and wrote the account order the next day.

18
12:39-13:19
H
He could tell who the bootleggers were during Prohibition by the amount of ingredients they bought at the store. They purchased fifty pounds of sugar and three cans of red seal lye.

19
13:33-15:07
G
He knew where all the stills were because he saw them when he went hunting. The stills had to be by streams because they needed water as a coolant. The bootleggers did most of the operations at night because they needed a fire and people could see the smoke.

20
15:16-15:35
M
He would not pay his workers until 6:00 Saturday evening because they would spend their money at the bootleggers and would not be able to work the next day if he did it any earlier.

21
15:43-16:36
A
They had a big farm operation and tomato cannery. About one hundred people worked for him during the tomato picking season. He had about twenty regular year-round workers and would fill in with more as needed. He had between 100 and 125 workers at maximum.

22
16:38-18:08
W
Bow hicks are migrant workers who moved from place to place. He related a story about a bow hick who stole a horse to get to a distribution place near Baltimore. The owner of the horse paid the fine, did not press charges and paid the mans fare to Baltimore.

23
18:11-20:51
E
An English professor at VPI gave him a B grade that he did not deserve. He had difficulty mastering literacy skills all his life.

24
20:53-22:26
G
Due bills was the payment system used to keep track of customer accounts.

25
22:27-24:48
A
He described the layout of his home, the store and the cannery. The crops they rotated were tomatoes, corn and wheat. The cannery had to be located near a stream because they needed water for the boiler. They needed steam to dry the equipment and to cook the tomatoes. They had steam engines instead of electric motors. The most they ever canned was twenty-five hundred cases a day. There were twenty-four cans to a case. This was during the war.

26
24:54-26:34
H
They kept him home from the war to operate the cannery and farm machinery. They had some priority to get some things, but there were some things they could not get such as things made from iron. Everybody got stamps to buy food. People did not get meat unless they killed it. People were not supposed to kill cattle to eat. Cows were sent to market and the government got what they wanted. The American public sacrificed a lot for the boys overseas.

27
26:44-28:12
G
He described the cannerys layout and operations.

28
28:04-30:40
H
He described how they got electricity and what they used before they had electricity.

29
30:41-31:11
G
The Baltimore Sun was the only newspaper and it came through the post office. Later, the Newsleader and the Richmond Times Dispatch started routes.

30
31:15-33:18
L
All the men came to the store at night unless they were sick. They played checkers and horseshoes. They used real horseshoes after the horses finished with them. The store was an entertainment center.

31
33:22-34:36
ST
He described the boats and what occurred on the boats. People generated their own fun like they did at the store.

32
34:41-36:10
ST
Floating theaters were big boats with an auditorium that seated one hundred to two hundred people. There was a play every night for a week. It traveled from Norfolk to Washington. It went up on the left side and on the right side coming down. Churches sometimes had plays, too.

33
36:16-36:38

Television has taken charge.

34
36:40-38:21
SW/G
He talked about the location of the store, farm and cannery in relation to the steamboat. He talked about barrels of dead rabbits, wagonloads of black walnuts and tomatoes that were taken by boat. Sometimes there were as many as 50 wagons waiting to be loaded.

35
38:22-39:10
A
The ripening process of tomatoes depends on the sun and especially the moon.

36
39:17-39:25
SW
They sometimes had to wait for half a day to get tomatoes loaded.

37
39:27-41:41
A/BH
Most people did not believe in working on Sunday. There were not enough workers for all the tomatoes they had. Some workers worked fifteen hours a day. Colored workers sang as they worked. They did more work when they were singing.

38
41:46-45:39
R
He talked about the Holy Rollers church. Their preacher wanted to work for him because he was paid whatever was collected in the collection plate. Hutt visited their church at Nomini Grove between Warsaw and Montross.

39
45:40-46:07
R
He talked about the hymns that were sung in the cannery.

40
46:08-46:11
BH
Most colored people could not read or write.

41
46:14-49:44
W/M
They had to stop using tokens to pay the workers because a health inspector said the tokens carried germs. They started numbering the buckets and had to tally the number of buckets the workers peeled. The workers used to pin tobacco bags to their aprons to keep the tokens they earned in. This is how they knew how much money they had earned. Stores in the Northern Neck accepted the tokens as money. If the store wanted real money, the Neenah Packing Company (the tomato packing company) bought the tokens back in exchange for money.

42
49:48-51:50
BH
He related why he thought the midwife was considered a witch. She made some medicines. She took the place of a doctor, sometimes.

43
51:54-52:25
G
The pill bottles that medicine came in were brown.

44
52:30-52:55

He talked about the differences in what he and his grandson know.

45
53:00-53:59
W
All the canneries had very distinct whistles that they blew. The canneries were located close together.

46
54:00-55:52
L
There was no bridge across the Rappahannock River. They had a ferry. He talked about the different types of transportation. The closest railroads were sixty miles away in Richmond and Fredericksburg.

47
55:54-57:47
SW
Kinsale and Nomini Ferry were the two wharfs. They loaded the wagons and left before sunup. They traveled ten to twelve miles and then unloaded them. They got home at sundown. They knew how many wagons they needed to bring to the wharf to pick up their orders by the amount of orders they placed with the salesman when he came by.

48
57:50-57:56
G
Lumber was sold by putting it on the boats and sending it to Baltimore.

49
58:02-58:25
SW
The wharf was 150 feet long and boats pulled down beside it. A lot of men were needed to unload the boat.

50
58:26-59:20
SW/G
They had seven or eight wagons to bring products from the wharf. They had to make several trips sometimes. Two horses pulled each wagon. A snatch team helped the horses pull the wagons up the hills.

51
59:21-59:42
L
It took two years for the five-mile stretch of road between Warsaw and Montross to be built by 200 convicts from the camp. They used horse-drawn equipment.

52
59:50-1:00:59
W
He further described how the snatch team helped to get the horse-pulled wagons up the hill.

53
1:01:04-1:01:30
SW
The wharf was the center of attraction. It was exciting. People looked forward to the boat coming in.

54
1:01:35-1:02:14
G
Wood was cut in four-foot lengths to be sent to Baltimore. They took the bark off some of the wood with drawing knives.

55
1:02:19-1:02:39

(end of tape)
ST
Some of the boats were paddle boats. They were named after the creeks. One was the Lewisetta.

56
(new tape VO8A2)

:18-1:46
ST
He described the paddle boats. Most of the boats were flat tops because they hauled wood and other merchandise. People traveled on paddle boats with upper decks.

57
1:48-2:59
G
The cans for the cannery were made in Baltimore. All the equipment for the factory came from Baltimore until the bridge was built in the 30s. Then they got materials from Richmond. Trucks came across when the bridge was built.

58
3:10-5:11
L
He described how to sort and get the mail out. They sometimes mailed ten to fifteen crates a day. The crates were about 30 inches long. The mail went parcel post.

59
5:15-5:47
L
At first the mail went out by horses and then later in a Model-T Ford truck. The mail was driven six miles up the road to where the road met another road. Then they took the mail to Montross and then on to Fredericksburg.

60
5:50-6:43
G
Most eggs were sent out parcel post. The people got due bills or credit for the eggs. They looked like a check book and no record was ever kept.

61
6:46-9:49
M
He showed tokens that peelers earned for each bucket of tomatoes they peeled. The tokens could be used for cash. He described different uses for tokens. The coal mines in West Virginia and the street cars in Richmond used tokens. Tokens were different sizes. Brass tokens were for a half bucket.

62
9:50-12:20
BH/M
He described the difficulty of dealing with people who could not read or write. He told the story of his uncle Willie who usually paid a worker named Walter. Willie gave Walter part of his pay in cash and part in an envelope to be deposited in the bank. Walter did not understand paper money. He wanted a roll of quarters instead of a five dollar bill. The workers almost revolted and refused to work when they changed the token system.

63
12:38-13:14
M
He talked about a days wages. The usual pay at one time was fifty cents a day which bought a lot of things. Two packs of cigarettes cost a quarter.

64
13:24-13:49
BH
Ninety to ninety-five percent of the factory workers were colored. White people were farmers and very few of them worked in factories. They worked their farms. Some were carpenters.

65
13:57-15:40
BH
The factory workers were from old Black families that had been around for a long time. Some had been the families former slaves. One slave was named Charlie Wise. Some slaves took the names of their owners. He described how and where the Blacks lived and worked.

66
15:44-19:59
F
His dad and uncle lived in the same house. It was a two family home. It was like having two fathers. The uncles wife died in childbirth and his mother nursed the baby. The baby girl was raised as his sister rather than cousin. The uncle married his deceased wifes sister. The uncles son by his second wife died from Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. E. V. ran the factory for two weeks at thirteen or fourteen years old. After the two weeks, he was so run down that he could not start school

67
20:03-20:58
E
He hated going to school after his first teacher left until his junior year at VPI. He had a crop of tomatoes in the summer to raise enough money to go to school. He went to school for four years for less than twenty-five hundred dollars.

68
21:07-21:41
F
He reminisced about how close he was to the cousin that died.

69
21:46-23-45
ST
He never went on a steamboat himself. He always stayed to help his dad at the store. The store stayed open from 5:00 in the morning until 10:00 at night in the summer. He worked in the cannery and with farm machinery in the daytime, ate dinner and worked at the store at night. His dad suffered a head injury when he was hit by a carry log cord and stayed unconscious for four days. His dad could not stand a lot of heat.

70
23:47-27:31
W
He could not drive an ox. He could drive a team of horses and mules. He related that he had a mule named George that was exceptional to work with. He had a female mule named Miss Liza that a person had better not hit.

71
27:35-28:40
BH
All the colored people around home went to Ambler Pennsylvania on the outskirts of Philadelphia. They went there to find work.

72
28:45-29:32
ST
He went up and down the Potomac River on a steamboat but did not go to Baltimore on one.

73
29:34-30:04
F
He rode on a ferry and it was scary. He cant swim but his sons can.

74
30:09-30:35
W
He ran the store by himself when he was first married. He expanded his farm machinery business to Lottsburg, home and Montross.

75
30:36-31:22
W
He had to weigh out every thing. Every thing came loose. Nothing came in bags or boxes. They came in big containers to be counted out.

76
31:34-33:54
H
He talked about the dry celled radio. He related his first encounter with a radio broadcast of a fight. People could not believe the voice was coming from the horn/speaker.

77
33:57-34:38
F
George wanted to know how old Uncle Sam, the patriotic symbol, was. George thought Uncle Sam was a real person.

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Item	In Point	Category	Description
01	Tape VO8A1 0:17-0:40		E. V. Hutt was born on 02-15-18.
02	1:10-2:30	F	Ancestors came from England. One of the captains on the Mayflower was a Hutt. The queen of England deeded land on Nomini Creek in Westmoreland County to his family.
03	2:42-3:01	F	The children were born at home. He weighed 14 pounds at birth.
04	3:16-3:53	F	The old midwife worked for him. The closest doctor lived about 7 miles away. His maternal grandfather was a doctor from Vermont. His mother helped him a lot. He only had one eye and the children sewed for him.
05	4:11-4:22	F	His mother lived above Colonial Beach and it took one day to go up there and another to come back by horse and buggy.
06	4:34-4:54	C	He went to a public one room school until he transferred by bus to Montross. He had to leave at 6:45 to get to Montross by the way the crow flies, about six miles.
07	5:16-5:53	E	The school desks accommodated two students. The teacher lived next door. His parents ran a general merchandise store. The children met the teacher there and walked up to the school together. Her name was Daisabell Jackson and he thought she was the most beautiful girl in the world. She was 19 years old and this was her first teaching assignment.
08	6:08-6:30	E	The teacher ate one or two meals a week with his family. He never saw the teacher again after the first year until four years ago. She only lived in Oak Grove which was twenty miles away.
09	6:37-6:50	E	There was one teacher for seven grades. His mother had once been a school teacher before she was married and she probably helped Ms. Jackson.
10	6:54-7:02	E	Most of the children were put back a grade when they went to the high school.
11	7:08-7:37	E	Ms. Jackson was the best teacher in the whole world. He saw the teacher every day.
12	7:50-8:52	G	His father and uncle started the country store when they were nineteen and seventeen. They sold all kinds of things and the store was open from sunup until ten at night.
13	8:54-9:19	F	He was glad to get out of the store business. He has gone to a store about three times in his married life and that was for emergencies such as snow on the ground.
14	9:20-9:56	W	The worse part of the store was the post office in there. He had to work every Christmas Day. He thought the best thing that President Roosevelt ever did was closing the post office on Christmas Day. The post office had to get everything ready by 10:00 but they got behind because of the holiday and he did not get off until 4:00, which was long after his friends did.
15	10:03-10:36	L	There were about forty to fifty people sitting around the store every evening until closing. That was the only place in the community where people got together.
16	10:54-11:36	G/ST	They lived at the head of Nomini Creek and got most of their goods from Baltimore. They got on the boat at Mt. Holly at 6:00 in the evening and woke up in Baltimore. There were cattle, horses, chickens, eggs, etc. on the boat. They got off the boat and went shopping and then got back on the boat at 6:00 in the evening and woke up the next morning at home at 6:00 a.m.
17	11:39-12:34	G	Everything was brought in on the water. The hardware salesman wrote one account a day. He drank and socialized the day he arrived and wrote the account order the next day.
18	12:39-13:19	H	He could tell who the bootleggers were during Prohibition by the amount of ingredients they bought at the store. They purchased fifty pounds of sugar and three cans of red seal lye.
19	13:33-15:07	G	He knew where all the stills were because he saw them when he went hunting. The stills had to be by streams because they needed water as a coolant. The bootleggers did most of the operations at night because they needed a fire and people could see the smoke.
20	15:16-15:35	M	He would not pay his workers until 6:00 Saturday evening because they would spend their money at the bootleggers and would not be able to work the next day if he did it any earlier.
21	15:43-16:36	A	They had a big farm operation and tomato cannery. About one hundred people worked for him during the tomato picking season. He had about twenty regular year-round workers and would fill in with more as needed. He had between 100 and 125 workers at maximum.
22	16:38-18:08	W	Bow hicks are migrant workers who moved from place to place. He related a story about a bow hick who stole a horse to get to a distribution place near Baltimore. The owner of the horse paid the fine, did not press charges and paid the mans fare to Baltimore.
23	18:11-20:51	E	An English professor at VPI gave him a B grade that he did not deserve. He had difficulty mastering literacy skills all his life.
24	20:53-22:26	G	Due bills was the payment system used to keep track of customer accounts.
25	22:27-24:48	A	He described the layout of his home, the store and the cannery. The crops they rotated were tomatoes, corn and wheat. The cannery had to be located near a stream because they needed water for the boiler. They needed steam to dry the equipment and to cook the tomatoes. They had steam engines instead of electric motors. The most they ever canned was twenty-five hundred cases a day. There were twenty-four cans to a case. This was during the war.
26	24:54-26:34	H	They kept him home from the war to operate the cannery and farm machinery. They had some priority to get some things, but there were some things they could not get such as things made from iron. Everybody got stamps to buy food. People did not get meat unless they killed it. People were not supposed to kill cattle to eat. Cows were sent to market and the government got what they wanted. The American public sacrificed a lot for the boys overseas.
27	26:44-28:12	G	He described the cannerys layout and operations.
28	28:04-30:40	H	He described how they got electricity and what they used before they had electricity.
29	30:41-31:11	G	The Baltimore Sun was the only newspaper and it came through the post office. Later, the Newsleader and the Richmond Times Dispatch started routes.
30	31:15-33:18	L	All the men came to the store at night unless they were sick. They played checkers and horseshoes. They used real horseshoes after the horses finished with them. The store was an entertainment center.
31	33:22-34:36	ST	He described the boats and what occurred on the boats. People generated their own fun like they did at the store.
32	34:41-36:10	ST	Floating theaters were big boats with an auditorium that seated one hundred to two hundred people. There was a play every night for a week. It traveled from Norfolk to Washington. It went up on the left side and on the right side coming down. Churches sometimes had plays, too.
33	36:16-36:38		Television has taken charge.
34	36:40-38:21	SW/G	He talked about the location of the store, farm and cannery in relation to the steamboat. He talked about barrels of dead rabbits, wagonloads of black walnuts and tomatoes that were taken by boat. Sometimes there were as many as 50 wagons waiting to be loaded.
35	38:22-39:10	A	The ripening process of tomatoes depends on the sun and especially the moon.
36	39:17-39:25	SW	They sometimes had to wait for half a day to get tomatoes loaded.
37	39:27-41:41	A/BH	Most people did not believe in working on Sunday. There were not enough workers for all the tomatoes they had. Some workers worked fifteen hours a day. Colored workers sang as they worked. They did more work when they were singing.
38	41:46-45:39	R	He talked about the Holy Rollers church. Their preacher wanted to work for him because he was paid whatever was collected in the collection plate. Hutt visited their church at Nomini Grove between Warsaw and Montross.
39	45:40-46:07	R	He talked about the hymns that were sung in the cannery.
40	46:08-46:11	BH	Most colored people could not read or write.
41	46:14-49:44	W/M	They had to stop using tokens to pay the workers because a health inspector said the tokens carried germs. They started numbering the buckets and had to tally the number of buckets the workers peeled. The workers used to pin tobacco bags to their aprons to keep the tokens they earned in. This is how they knew how much money they had earned. Stores in the Northern Neck accepted the tokens as money. If the store wanted real money, the Neenah Packing Company (the tomato packing company) bought the tokens back in exchange for money.
42	49:48-51:50	BH	He related why he thought the midwife was considered a witch. She made some medicines. She took the place of a doctor, sometimes.
43	51:54-52:25	G	The pill bottles that medicine came in were brown.
44	52:30-52:55		He talked about the differences in what he and his grandson know.
45	53:00-53:59	W	All the canneries had very distinct whistles that they blew. The canneries were located close together.
46	54:00-55:52	L	There was no bridge across the Rappahannock River. They had a ferry. He talked about the different types of transportation. The closest railroads were sixty miles away in Richmond and Fredericksburg.
47	55:54-57:47	SW	Kinsale and Nomini Ferry were the two wharfs. They loaded the wagons and left before sunup. They traveled ten to twelve miles and then unloaded them. They got home at sundown. They knew how many wagons they needed to bring to the wharf to pick up their orders by the amount of orders they placed with the salesman when he came by.
48	57:50-57:56	G	Lumber was sold by putting it on the boats and sending it to Baltimore.
49	58:02-58:25	SW	The wharf was 150 feet long and boats pulled down beside it. A lot of men were needed to unload the boat.
50	58:26-59:20	SW/G	They had seven or eight wagons to bring products from the wharf. They had to make several trips sometimes. Two horses pulled each wagon. A snatch team helped the horses pull the wagons up the hills.
51	59:21-59:42	L	It took two years for the five-mile stretch of road between Warsaw and Montross to be built by 200 convicts from the camp. They used horse-drawn equipment.
52	59:50-1:00:59	W	He further described how the snatch team helped to get the horse-pulled wagons up the hill.
53	1:01:04-1:01:30	SW	The wharf was the center of attraction. It was exciting. People looked forward to the boat coming in.
54	1:01:35-1:02:14	G	Wood was cut in four-foot lengths to be sent to Baltimore. They took the bark off some of the wood with drawing knives.
55	1:02:19-1:02:39 (end of tape)	ST	Some of the boats were paddle boats. They were named after the creeks. One was the Lewisetta.
56	(new tape VO8A2) :18-1:46	ST	He described the paddle boats. Most of the boats were flat tops because they hauled wood and other merchandise. People traveled on paddle boats with upper decks.
57	1:48-2:59	G	The cans for the cannery were made in Baltimore. All the equipment for the factory came from Baltimore until the bridge was built in the 30s. Then they got materials from Richmond. Trucks came across when the bridge was built.
58	3:10-5:11	L	He described how to sort and get the mail out. They sometimes mailed ten to fifteen crates a day. The crates were about 30 inches long. The mail went parcel post.
59	5:15-5:47	L	At first the mail went out by horses and then later in a Model-T Ford truck. The mail was driven six miles up the road to where the road met another road. Then they took the mail to Montross and then on to Fredericksburg.
60	5:50-6:43	G	Most eggs were sent out parcel post. The people got due bills or credit for the eggs. They looked like a check book and no record was ever kept.
61	6:46-9:49	M	He showed tokens that peelers earned for each bucket of tomatoes they peeled. The tokens could be used for cash. He described different uses for tokens. The coal mines in West Virginia and the street cars in Richmond used tokens. Tokens were different sizes. Brass tokens were for a half bucket.
62	9:50-12:20	BH/M	He described the difficulty of dealing with people who could not read or write. He told the story of his uncle Willie who usually paid a worker named Walter. Willie gave Walter part of his pay in cash and part in an envelope to be deposited in the bank. Walter did not understand paper money. He wanted a roll of quarters instead of a five dollar bill. The workers almost revolted and refused to work when they changed the token system.
63	12:38-13:14	M	He talked about a days wages. The usual pay at one time was fifty cents a day which bought a lot of things. Two packs of cigarettes cost a quarter.
64	13:24-13:49	BH	Ninety to ninety-five percent of the factory workers were colored. White people were farmers and very few of them worked in factories. They worked their farms. Some were carpenters.
65	13:57-15:40	BH	The factory workers were from old Black families that had been around for a long time. Some had been the families former slaves. One slave was named Charlie Wise. Some slaves took the names of their owners. He described how and where the Blacks lived and worked.
66	15:44-19:59	F	His dad and uncle lived in the same house. It was a two family home. It was like having two fathers. The uncles wife died in childbirth and his mother nursed the baby. The baby girl was raised as his sister rather than cousin. The uncle married his deceased wifes sister. The uncles son by his second wife died from Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. E. V. ran the factory for two weeks at thirteen or fourteen years old. After the two weeks, he was so run down that he could not start school
67	20:03-20:58	E	He hated going to school after his first teacher left until his junior year at VPI. He had a crop of tomatoes in the summer to raise enough money to go to school. He went to school for four years for less than twenty-five hundred dollars.
68	21:07-21:41	F	He reminisced about how close he was to the cousin that died.
69	21:46-23-45	ST	He never went on a steamboat himself. He always stayed to help his dad at the store. The store stayed open from 5:00 in the morning until 10:00 at night in the summer. He worked in the cannery and with farm machinery in the daytime, ate dinner and worked at the store at night. His dad suffered a head injury when he was hit by a carry log cord and stayed unconscious for four days. His dad could not stand a lot of heat.
70	23:47-27:31	W	He could not drive an ox. He could drive a team of horses and mules. He related that he had a mule named George that was exceptional to work with. He had a female mule named Miss Liza that a person had better not hit.
71	27:35-28:40	BH	All the colored people around home went to Ambler Pennsylvania on the outskirts of Philadelphia. They went there to find work.
72	28:45-29:32	ST	He went up and down the Potomac River on a steamboat but did not go to Baltimore on one.
73	29:34-30:04	F	He rode on a ferry and it was scary. He cant swim but his sons can.
74	30:09-30:35	W	He ran the store by himself when he was first married. He expanded his farm machinery business to Lottsburg, home and Montross.
75	30:36-31:22	W	He had to weigh out every thing. Every thing came loose. Nothing came in bags or boxes. They came in big containers to be counted out.
76	31:34-33:54	H	He talked about the dry celled radio. He related his first encounter with a radio broadcast of a fight. People could not believe the voice was coming from the horn/speaker.
77	33:57-34:38	F	George wanted to know how old Uncle Sam, the patriotic symbol, was. George thought Uncle Sam was a real person.